Baixe Navigation Rules e outras Notas de estudo em PDF para Engenharia de Produção, somente na Docsity! U.S. Department of Transportation United States Coast Guard NAVIGATION RULES INTERNATIONAL—INLAND N A V IG A T IO N R U L E S C O M D T IN S T M 16672.2D U.S. Department Commandant 2100 Second St, SW of Transportation United States Coas| Guard Washingion, DC 20593-001 ; Staff Symbol: GMW United States Phone: 202-267-0407 Coast Guard Fax: 202.267-4228 COMDTINST M16672.2D MAR 2 5 1999 COMMANDANT INSTRUCTION M16672.2D Sub): NAVIGATION RULES, INTERNATIONAL - INLAND 1. PURPOSE, This instruction forwards Internationat and Inland Navigation Rules and Regulations for use by Coast Guard personnel. 2. ACTION. Area and District Commanders, commanders vf maintenance and Iogistics commands and unit commanding officers shal) ensure implementation and compliance with this manual 3. DIRECTIVES AFFECTED. Navigation Rules, Intemational - Inland COMDTINST MI6672 is canceller 4. DISCUSSION, a. This manual contains (he International Regulations for Prevention of Collisions at Sea, 1972 (72 COLREGS). It also contains the Inland Navigation Rules, which were enacted by law on 24 December 1980 and became effective for all Intand waters except the Great Lakes on 24 December 1981. The Inland Rules became effective on the Great Lakes on t March 1983. Some differences do remain between lhe International and Inland Rules. The side-by- side presentation of the Rules in this publication wilt allow mariners to determine thase differences. b. In 1993, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted amendments to the COLREGS. These amendments became effective in November 1995. The Coast Guard revised the Inland Navigation Rules to reflect the COLREGS amendments. Additipnally, the Coast Guard has adopted several changes to the Inland Navigation Rules to bring those Rules DISTR:SUTION - SOL No. 135 alefelafeçito a fis fio fo Es fio 0 50, i ph zonmo0ow NON-STANDARD CISTRIBUTION: Bin RIC Yorktowa (ut) (15): Bin RIC Voristown (rnile) (25) Bin RTC Yorktown (t-gm) (103: Bin RTC Yorktown (tenatonj (LO): Bin RTC Yorkiowa (t-mst) (10). Bin RTC Yorktown tterd) (2); Bin RIC Yorktown (t-nonres) (10): Bin RTC Yarktown (tesar (1) For saio by the U.S. Covernment Printing Office Superintenden: of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP. Washngton, DC 20402-9328 ISBN 0-16-05095/4-5 ii CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv LEGAL CITATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi CONVERSION TABLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii NAVIGATION RULES AND REGULATIONS —International and Inland PART A—General Rule 1—Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Rule 2—Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Rule 3—General Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 PART B—Steering and Sailing Rules Section/Subpart I—Conduct of Vessels In Any Condition of Visibility Rule 4—Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Rule 5—Look-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Rule 6—Safe Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Rule 7—Risk of Collision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Rule 8—Action to Avoid Collision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Rule 9—Narrow Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Rule 10—Traffic Separation Schemes/Vessel Traffic Services . . . 22 Section/Subpart II—Conduct of Vessels In Sight of One Another Rule 11—Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Rule 12—Sailing Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Rule 13—Overtaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Rule 14—Head-on Situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Rule 15—Crossing Situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Rule 16—Action by Give-way Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Rule 17—Action by Stand-on Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Rule 18—Responsibilities Between Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Section/Subpart III—Conduct of Vessels In Restricted Visibility Rule 19—Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility . . . . . . . . . 36 PART C—Lights and Shapes Rule 20—Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Rule 21—Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Rule 22—Visibility of Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Rule 23—Power-driven Vessels Underway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Rule 24—Towing and Pushing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Rule 25—Sailing Vessels Underway and Vessels Under Oars . . . 72 Rule 26—Fishing Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Rule 27—Vessels Not Under Command or Restricted in Their Ability to Maneuver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 iii Rule 28—Vessels Constrained by Their Draft/[Reserved] . . . . . 102 Rule 29—Pilot Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Rule 30—Anchored Vessels and Vessels Aground . . . . . . . . . 106 Rule 31—Seaplanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 PART D—Sound and Light Signals Rule 32—Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Rule 33—Equipment for Sound Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Rule 34—Maneuvering and Warning Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Rule 35—Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Rule 36—Signals to Attract Attention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Rule 37—Distress Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 PART E—Exemptions Rule 38—Exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 ANNEX I—POSITIONING AND TECHNICAL DETAILS OF LIGHTS AND SHAPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 ANNEX II—ADDITIONAL SIGNALS FOR FISHING VESSELS FISHING IN CLOSE PROXIMITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 ANNEX lII—TECHNICAL DETAILS OF SOUND SIGNAL APPLIANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 ANNEX IV—DISTRESS SIGNALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 ANNEX V—[BLANK] /PILOT RULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 INTERPRETATIVE RULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 PENALTY PROVISIONS Violations of International Navigation Rules and Regulations . . . . 199 Violations of Inland Navigation Rules and Regulations . . . . . . . . . 199 Penalties for negligent operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Duties related to marine casualty assistance and information . . . 201 Duty to provide assistance at sea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Injunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Vessel Reporting Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202 ALTERNATIVE COMPLIANCE—International & Inland . . . . . . . . . . 204 WATERS SPECIFIED BY THE SECRETARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 VESSEL BRIDGE-TO-BRIDGE RADIOTELEPHONE REGULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 iv INTRODUCTION International Rules The International Rules in this book were formalized in the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, and became effective on July 15, 1977. The Rules (commonly called 72 COLREGS) are part of the Convention, and vessels flying the flags of states ratifying the treaty are bound to the Rules. The United States has ratified this treaty and all United States flag vessels must adhere to these Rules where applicable. President Gerald R. Ford proclaimed 72 COLREGS and the Congress adopted them as the International Navigational Rules Act of 1977. The 72 COLREGS were developed by the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) which in May 1982 was renamed the International Maritime Organization (IMO). In November 1981, IMO’s Assembly adopted 55 amendments to the 72 COLREGS which became effective on June 1, 1983. The IMO also adopted 9 more amendments which became effective on November 19, 1989. The International Rules in this book contain these amendments. These Rules are applicable on waters outside of established navi- gational lines of demarcation. The lines are called COLREGS Demarcation Lines and delineate those waters upon which mariners shall comply with the Inland and International Rules. COLREGS Demarcation Lines are contained in this book. vii CONVERSION TABLE Conversion of Metric to U.S. Customary/Imperial Units U.S. Customary/ Imperial Measure Metric Measure (approx.) 1000 Meters (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3280.8 ft. 500 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1640.4 ft. 200 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .656.2 ft. 150 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .492.1 ft. 100 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .328.1 ft. 75 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246.1 ft. 60 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .196.8 ft. 50 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164.0 ft. 25 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82.0 ft. 20 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65.6 ft. 12 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39.4 ft. 10 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32.8 ft. 8 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26.2 ft. 7 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23.0 ft. 6 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19.7 ft. 5 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.4 ft. 4.5 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14.8 ft. 4.0 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13.1 ft. 3.5 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.5 ft. 2.5 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.2 ft. 2.0 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.6 ft. 1.5 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.9 ft. 1 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.3 ft. .9 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35.4 in. .6M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23.6 in. .5 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19.7 in. 300 Millimeters (mm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.8 in. 200 mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.9 in. 1 NAVIGATION RULES INTERNATIONAL—INLAND 2 —INTERNATIONAL— General PART A—GENERAL RULE 1 Application (a) These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels. (b) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of spe- cial rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbors, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules. (c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made by the Government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, with respect to addi- tional station or signal lights or shapes for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light, shape or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules.1 1 Submarines may display, as a distinctive means of identification, an intermittent flashing amber (yellow) beacon with a sequence of operation of one flash per second for three (3) seconds followed by a three (3) second off-period. Other special rules made by the Secretary of the Navy with respect to additional station and signal lights are found in Part 707 of Title 32, Code of Federal Regulations (32 CFR 707). 5 —INLAND— General RULE 1 — CONTINUED (d) Traffic separation schemes may be established for the purpos- es of these Rules. Vessel traffic service regulations may be in effect in certain areas. (e) Whenever the Secretary determines that a vessel or class of vessels of special construction or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number, posi- tion, range, or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the dis- position and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, the ves- sel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position, range, or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, as the Secretary shall have determined to be the closest possible compli- ance with these Rules. The Secretary may issue a certificate of alter- native compliance for a vessel or class of vessels specifying the clos- est possible compliance with these Rules. The Secretary of the Navy shall make these determinations and issue certificates of alternative compliance for vessels of the Navy. (f) The Secretary may accept a certificate of alternative compliance issued by a contracting party to the International Regulations if he determines that the alternative compliance standards of the contract- ing party are substantially the same as those of the United States. 6 —INTERNATIONAL— General RULE 2 Responsibility (a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the spe- cial circumstances of the case. (b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger. RULE 3 General Definitions For the purpose of these Rules, except where the context other- wise requires: (a) The word “vessel” includes every description of water craft, including nondisplacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water. (b) The term “power-driven vessel” means any vessel propelled by machinery. (c) The term “sailing vessel” means any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used. (d) The term “vessel engaged in fishing” means any vessel fish- ing with nets, lines, trawls or other fishing apparatus which restrict maneuverability, but does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict maneuver- ability. (e) The word “seaplane” includes any aircraft designed to maneu- ver on the water. (f) The term “vessel not under command” means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to maneuver as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. (g) The term “vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver” means a vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to maneuver as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. 7 —INLAND— General RULE 2 Responsibility (a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master, or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precau- tion which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case. (b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger. RULE 3 General Definitions For the purpose of these Rules and this Chapter, except where the context otherwise requires: (a) The word “vessel” includes every description of water craft, including nondisplacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water; (b) The term “power-driven vessel” means any vessel propelled by machinery; (c) The term “sailing vessel” means any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used; (d) The term “vessel engaged in fishing” means any vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls, or other fishing apparatus which restricts maneuverability, but does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict maneuverability; (e) The word “seaplane” includes any aircraft designed to maneu- ver on the water; (f) The term “vessel not under command” means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to maneuver as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel; (g) The term “vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver” means a vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to maneuver as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel; vessels restricted in their ability to maneuver include, but are not limited to: 10 —INTERNATIONAL— General [BLANK] 11 —INLAND— General RULE 3—CONTINUED (I) “Western Rivers” means the Mississippi River, its tributaries, South Pass, and Southwest Pass, to the navigational demarcation lines dividing the high seas from harbors, rivers, and other inland waters of the United States, and the Port Allen-Morgan City Alternate Route, and that part of the Atchafalaya River above its junction with the Port Allen-Morgan City Alternate Route including the Old River and the Red River; (m) “Great Lakes” means the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters including the Calumet River as far as the Thomas J. O’Brien Lock and Controlling Works (between mile 326 and 327), the Chicago River as far as the east side of the Ashland Avenue Bridge (between mile 321 and 322), and the Saint Lawrence River as far east as the lower exit of Saint Lambert Lock; (n) “Secretary” means the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating; (o) “Inland Waters” means the navigable waters of the United States shoreward of the navigational demarcation lines dividing the high seas from harbors, rivers, and other inland waters of the United States and the waters of the Great Lakes on the United States side of the International Boundary; (p) “Inland Rules” or “Rules” mean the Inland Navigational Rules and the annexes thereto, which govern the conduct of vessels and specify the lights, shapes, and sound signals that apply on inland waters; and (q) “International Regulations” means the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, including annexes currently in force for the United States. 12 —INTERNATIONAL— Steering and Sailing Rules PART B—STEERING AND SAILING RULES Section I—Conduct of Vessels in Any Condition of Visibility RULE 4 Application Rules in this Section apply to any condition of visibility. RULE 5 Look-out Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the pre- vailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision. 15 —INLAND— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 6 Safe Speed Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions. In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into account: (a) By all vessels: (i) the state of visibility; (ii) the traffic density including concentration of fishing ves- sels or any other vessels; (iii) the maneuverability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing con- ditions; (iv) at night, the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter of her own lights; (v) the state of wind, sea, and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards; (vi) the draft in relation to the available depth of water. (b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar: (i) the characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment; (ii) any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use; (iii) the effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather, and other sources of interference; (iv) the possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at an adequate range; (v) the number, location, and movement of vessels detected by radar; and (vi) the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of ves- sels or other objects in the vicinity. 16 —INTERNATIONAL— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 7 Risk of Collision (a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of colli- sion exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist. (b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and oper- ational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects. (c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty informa- tion, especially scanty radar information. (d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considera- tions shall be among those taken into account: (i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change; (ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range. 17 —INLAND— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 7 Risk of Collision (a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of colli- sion exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist. (b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and oper- ational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects. (c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty informa- tion, especially scanty radar information. (d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considera- tions shall be among those taken into account: (i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change; and (ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range. 20 —INTERNATIONAL— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 9 Narrow Channels (a) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel or fairway which Iies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable. (b) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway. (c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway. (d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel. (e) (i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtake shall indi- cate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal pre- scribed in Rule 34(c)(i). The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing. If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d). (ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her oblig- ation under Rule 13. (f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fair- way where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruc- tion shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e). (g) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel. 21 —INLAND— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 9 Narrow Channels (a) (i) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel or fair- way which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable. (ii) Notwithstanding paragraph (a)(i) and Rule 14(a), a power- driven vessel operating in narrow channels or fairways on the Great Lakes, Western Rivers, or waters specified by the Secretary, and proceeding downbound with a following current shall have the right-of-way over an upbound vessel, shall pro- pose the manner and place of passage, and shall initiate the maneuvering signals prescribed by Rule 34(a)(i), as appropriate. The vessel proceeding upbound against the current shall hold as necessary to permit safe passing. (b) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel that can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway. (c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway. (d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within that channel or fairway. The latter vessel shall use the danger signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel. (e) (i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking, the power- driven vessel intending to overtake another power-driven vessel shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c) and take steps to permit safe passing. The power-driven vessel being overtaken, if in agree- ment, shall sound the same signal and may, if specifically agreed to take steps to permit safe passing. If in doubt she shall sound the danger signal prescribed in Rule 34(d). (ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her oblig- ation under Rule 13. (f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fair- way where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruc- tion shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e). (g) Every vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel. 22 —INTERNATIONAL— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 10 Traffic Separation Schemes (a) This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organization and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any other rule. (b) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall: (i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane; (ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone; (iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable. (c) A vessel shall, so far as practicable, avoid crossing traffic lanes but if obliged to do so shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow. (d) (i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safe- ly use the appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separa- tion scheme. However, vessels of less than 20 meters in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic zone. (ii) Notwithstanding subparagraph (d)(i), a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when en route to or from a port, offshore installation or struc- ture, pilot station or any other place situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger. (e) A vessel other than a crossing vessel or a vessel joining or leaving a lane shall not normally enter a separation zone or cross a separation line except: (i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger; (ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone. (f) A vessel navigating in areas near the terminations of traffic separation schemes shall do so with particular caution. (g) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid anchoring in a traffic separa- tion scheme or in areas near its terminations. (h) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable. (i) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic lane. (j) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane. 25 —INLAND— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 10—CONTINUED (k) A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver when engaged in an operation for the maintenance of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation. (I) A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver when engaged in an operation for the laying, servicing, or picking up of a submarine cable, within a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from comply- ing with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation. 26 —INTERNATIONAL— Steering and Sailing Rules Section II—Conduct of Vessels in Sight of One Another RULE 11 Application Rules in this section apply to vessels in sight of one another. RULE 12 Sailing Vessels (a) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another, so as to involve risk of collision, one of them shall keep out of the way of the other as follows: (i) when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the port side shall keep out of the way of the other; (ii) when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward; (iii) if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and cannot determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other. (b) For the purposes of this Rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that on which the mainsail is car- ried or, in the case of a square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried. 27 —INLAND— Steering and Sailing Rules Subpart II—Conduct of Vessels in Sight of One Another RULE 11 Application Rules in this subpart apply to vessels in sight of one another. RULE 12 Sailing Vessels (a) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another, so as to involve risk of collision, one of them shall keep out of the way of the other as follows: (i) when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the port side shall keep out of the way of the other; (ii) when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward; and (iii) if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and cannot determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other. (b) For the purpose of this Rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried. 30 —INTERNATIONAL— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 14 Head-on Situation (a) When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other. (b) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel. (c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall assume that it does exist and act accordingly. RULE 15 Crossing Situation When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel. 31 —INLAND— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 14 Head-on Situation (a) Unless otherwise agreed, when two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other. (b) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the mast- head lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other ves- sel. (c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall assume that it does exist and act accordingly. (d) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this Rule, a power-driven vessel operating on the Great Lakes, Western Rivers, or waters specified by the Secretary, and proceeding downbound with a follow- ing current shall have the right-of-way over an upbound vessel, shall propose the manner of passage, and shall initiate the maneuvering signals prescribed by Rule 34(a)(i), as appropriate. RULE 15 Crossing Situation (a) When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel. (b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), on the Great Lakes, Western Rivers, or water specified by the Secretary, a power-driven vessel crossing a river shall keep out of the way of a power-driven vessel ascending or descending the river. 32 —INTERNATIONAL— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 16 Action by Give-way Vessel Every vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible, take early and substantial action to keep well clear. RULE 17 Action by Stand-on Vessel (a) (i) Where one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other shall keep her course and speed. (ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her maneuver alone, as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules. (b) When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action as will best aid to avoid collision. (c) A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with subparagraph (a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side. (d) This Rule does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way. 35 —INLAND— Steering and Sailing Rules RULE 18 Responsibilities Between Vessels Except where Rules 9, 10, and 13 otherwise require: (a) A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: (i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver; (iii) a vessel engaged in fishing; and (iv) a sailing vessel. (b) A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: (i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver; and (iii) a vessel engaged in fishing. (c) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as pos- sible, keep out of the way of: (i) a vessel not under command; and (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver. (d) A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, how- ever, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules of this Part. 36 —INTERNATIONAL— Steering and Sailing Rules Section III—Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility RULE 19 Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility (a) This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility. (b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the pre- vailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A power- driven vessel shall have her engines ready for immediate maneuver. (c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circum- stances and conditions of restricted visibility when complying with the Rules of Section I of this Part. (d) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close-quarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the following shall be avoided: (i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel being overtaken; (ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam. (e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close-quarters sit- uation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over. 37 —INLAND— Steering and Sailing Rules Subpart III—Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility RULE 19 Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility (a) This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility. (b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the pre- vailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A power- driven vessel shall have her engines ready for immediate maneuver. (c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circum- stances and conditions of restricted visibility when complying with Rules 4 through 10. (d) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close-quarters situation is developing or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the following shall be avoided: (i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel being overtaken; and (ii) an alteration of course toward a vessel abeam or abaft the beam. (e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close- quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and, in any event, navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over. 40 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 21 Definitions (a) “Masthead light” means a white light placed over the fore and aft centerline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the ves- sel. (b) “Sidelights” means a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a vessel of less than 20 meters in length the sidelights may be com- bined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centerline of the ves- sel. (c) “Sternlight” means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel. (d) “Towing light” means a yellow light having the same character- istics as the “sternlight” defined in paragraph (c) of this Rule. (e) “All-round light” means a light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees. (f) “Flashing light” means a light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 120 flashes or more per minute. 41 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 21 Definitions (a) “Masthead light” means a white light placed over the fore and aft centerline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel, except that on a vessel of less than 12 meters in length the masthead light shall be placed as nearly as practicable to the fore and aft cen- terline of the vessel. (b) “Sidelights” mean a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. On a vessel of less than 20 meters in length the sidelights may be com- bined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centerline of the ves- sel, except that on a vessel of less than 12 meters in length the side- lights when combined in one lantern shall be placed as nearly as practicable to the fore and aft centerline of the vessel. (c) “Sternlight” means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel. (d) “Towing light” means a yellow light having the same character- istics as the “sternlight” defined in paragraph (c) of this Rule. (e) “All-round light” means a light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees. (f) “Flashing light” means a light flashing at regular intervals at a fre- quency of 120 flashes or more per minute. (g) “Special flashing light” means a yellow light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 50 to 70 flashes per minute, placed as far forward and as nearly as practicable on the fore and aft centerline of the tow and showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of not less than 180 degrees nor more than 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to abeam and no more than 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel. 42 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 22 Visibility of Lights The lights prescribed in these Rules shall have an intensity as specified in Section 8 of Annex I to these Regulations so as to be visible at the following minimum ranges: (a) In vessels of 50 meters or more in length: —a masthead light, 6 miles; —a sidelight, 3 miles; —a sternlight, 3 miles; —a towing light, 3 miles; —a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 3 miles. (b) In vessels of 12 meters or more in length but less than 50 meters in length: —a masthead light, 5 miles; except that where the length of the vessel is less than 20 meters, 3 miles; —a sidelight, 2 miles; —a sternlight, 2 miles; —a towing light, 2 miles; —a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles. (c) In vessels of less than 12 meters in length: —a masthead light, 2 miles; —a sidelight, 1 mile; —a sternlight, 2 miles; —a towing light, 2 miles; —a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles. (d) In inconspicuous, partly submerged vessels or objects being towed: —a white all-round light, 3 miles. 45 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 23 Power-driven Vessels Underway (a) A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit: (i) a masthead light forward; (ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the forward one; except that a vessel of less than 50 meters in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such light but may do so; (iii) sidelights; and (iv) a sternlight. Power-driven vessel underway—less than 50 meters in length. Same for International. 46 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 23—CONTINUED (b) An air-cushion vessel when operating in the nondisplacement mode shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light. Air-cushion vessel when operating in the nondisplacement mode— vessel less than 50 meters in length. 47 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 23—CONTINUED (b) An air-cushion vessel when operating in the nondisplacement mode shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light where it can best be seen. Air-cushion vessel when operating in the displacement mode— vessel less than 50 meters in length. 50 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes [BLANK] 51 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 23—CONTINUED (d) A power-driven vessel when operating on the Great Lakes may carry an all-round white light in lieu of the second masthead light and sternlight prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule. The light shall be carried in the position of the second masthead light and be visible at the same minimum range. Power-driven vessel on Great Lakes. 52 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 24 Towing and Pushing (a) A power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit: (i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line. When the length of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 meters, three such lights in a vertical line; (ii) sidelights; (iii) a sternlight; (iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight; and (v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 meters, a diamond shape where it can best be seen. Power-driven vessel towing astern—towing vessel less than 50 meters in length; length of tow exceeds 200 meters. Same for Inland. 55 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 23. Composite unit underway—less than 50 meters in length. Same for International. 56 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (c) A power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing along- side, except in the case of a composite unit, shall exhibit: (i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line; (ii) sidelights; and (iii) a sternlight. Power-driven vessel pushing ahead or towing alongside—towing vessel less than 50 meters in length. 57 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (c) A power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing along- side, except as required by paragraphs (b) and (i) of this Rule, shall exhibit: (i) instead of the light prescribed either in Rule 23(a)(i) or 23(a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line; (ii) sidelights; and (iii) two towing lights in a vertical line. Power-driven vessel pushing ahead or towing alongside—towing vessel less than 50 meters in length. 60 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (f) Provided that any number of vessels being towed alongside or pushed in a group shall be lighted as one vessel: (i) a vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at the forward end, sidelights; (ii) a vessel being towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and at the forward end, sidelights. 61 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (f) Provided that any number of vessels being towed alongside or pushed in a group shall be lighted as one vessel, except as provided in paragraph (iii): (i) a vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at the forward end sidelights, and a special flashing light; (ii) a vessel being towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and at the forward end, sidelights and a special flashing light; and (iii) when vessels are towed alongside on both sides of the tow- ing vessels a sternlight shall be exhibited on the stern of the out- board vessel on each side of the towing vessel, and a single set of sidelights as far forward and as far outboard as is practicable, and a single special flashing light. 62 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED Vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit. Vessel being towed alongside. 65 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (g) An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object being towed shall exhibit: (i) if it is less than 25 meters in breadth, one all-round white light at or near each end; (ii) if it is 25 meters or more in breadth, four all-round white lights to mark its length and breadth; (iii) if it exceeds 100 meters in length, additional all-round white lights between the lights prescribed in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) so that the distance between the lights shall not exceed 100 meters: Provided, That any vessels or objects being towed alongside each other shall be lighted as one vessel or object; (iv) a diamond shape at or near the aftermost extremity of the last vessel or object being towed; and (v) the towing vessel may direct a searchlight in the direction of the tow to indicate its presence to an approaching vessel. 66 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (h) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being towed to exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in paragraph (e) or (g) of this Rule, all possible measures shall be taken to light the vessel or object towed or at least to indicate the presence of such vessel or object. 67 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (h) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being towed to exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (e) or (g) of this Rule, all possible measures shall be taken to light the vessel or object towed or at least to indicate the presence of the unlighted vessel or object. 70 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (i) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel not normally engaged in towing operations to display the lights pre- scribed in paragraph (a) or (c) of this Rule, such vessel shall not be required to exhibit those lights when engaged in towing another ves- sel in distress or otherwise in need of assistance. All possible mea- sures shall be taken to indicate the nature of the relationship between the towing vessel and the vessel being towed as authorized by Rule 36, in particular by illuminating the towline. 71 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 24—CONTINUED (j) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel not normally engaged in towing operations to display the lights pre- scribed by paragraph (a), (c) or (i) of this Rule, such vessel shall not be required to exhibit those lights when engaged in towing another vessel in distress or otherwise in need of assistance. All possible measures shall be taken to indicate the nature of the relationship between the towing vessel and the vessel being assisted. The searchlight authorized by Rule 36 may be used to illuminate the tow. 72 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 25 Sailing Vessels Underway and Vessels Under Oars (a) A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit: (i) sidelights; (ii) a stern light. (b) In a sailing vessel of less than 20 meters in length the lights pre- scribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen. Sailing vessel underway. Same for Inland. 75 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 25—CONTINUED (c) A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights pre- scribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule. 76 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 25—CONTINUED (d) (i) A sailing vessel of less than 7 meters in length shall, if prac- ticable, exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. (ii) A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule for sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. Sailing vessel underway—less than 7 meters in length. Same for Inland. 77 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 25—CONTINUED (d) (i) A sailing vessel of less than 7 meters in length shall, if prac- ticable, exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. (ii) A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule for sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. Vessel under oars. Same for International. 80 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 26 Fishing Vessels (a) A vessel engaged in fishing, whether underway or at anchor, shall exhibit only the lights and shapes prescribed in this Rule. (b) A vessel when engaged in trawling, by which is meant the dragging through the water of a dredge net or other apparatus used as a fishing appliance, shall exhibit: (i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being green and the lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with their apexes together in a vertical line one above the other; (ii) a masthead light abaft of and higher than the all-round green light; a vessel of less than 50 meters in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such a light but may do so; (iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight. Vessel engaged in trawling—not making way. Same for Inland. 81 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 26 Fishing Vessels (a) A vessel engaged in fishing, whether underway or at anchor, shall exhibit only the lights and shapes prescribed in this Rule. (b) A vessel when engaged in trawling, by which is meant the dragging through the water of a dredge net or other apparatus used as a fishing appliance, shall exhibit: (i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being green and the lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with their apexes together in a vertical line one above the other; (ii) a masthead light abaft of and higher than the all-round green light; a vessel of less than 50 meters in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such a light but may do so; and (iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight. Vessel engaged in trawling—not making way; vessel less than 50 meters in length. Same for International. 82 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 26—CONTINUED Vessel engaged in trawling—making way; vessel less than 50 meters in length. Same for Inland. 85 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 26—CONTINUED (c) A vessel engaged in fishing, other than trawling, shall exhibit: (i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with apex- es together in a vertical line one above the other; (ii) when there is outlying gear extending more than 150 meters horizontally from the vessel, an all-round white light or a cone apex upward in the direction of the gear; and (iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight. Vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling—not making way. Same for International. When there is outlying gear extending more than 150 meters horizontally from the vessel, an all-round white light or a cone apex upwards in the direction of the gear. 86 —INTERNATIONAL— Lights and Shapes RULE 26—CONTINUED (d) The additional signals described in Annex II to these Rules apply to a vessel engaged in fishing in close proximity to other vessels engaged in fishing. (e) A vessel when not engaged in fishing shall not exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in this Rule, but only those prescribed for a ves- sel of her length. 87 —INLAND— Lights and Shapes RULE 26—CONTINUED (d) The additional signals described in Annex II to these Rules apply to a vessel engaged in fishing in close proximity to other vessels engaged in fishing. (e) A vessel when not engaged in fishing shall not exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in this Rule, but only those prescribed for a vessel of her length.